Process and Chemical

Faecal Sludge and On Site Sanitation Management

Most urban households across the region are not connected to a sewer, which means the sanitation service they receive depends on emptying, transport and a treatment facility that in many towns does not exist. This course covers that service chain. Delegates work through containment types from pit latrines to septic tanks, and what each produces in volume and character. Emptying is addressed practically, including manual and mechanical methods, access constraints in dense settlements and the safety of the people doing the work. Transport and transfer stations follow. Treatment options suited to faecal sludge are covered, including drying beds, settling and co treatment at a sewage works, with the loading limits that matter. Reuse and safe end use are addressed. Service delivery models, licensing of emptiers and pricing follow. Regulation and public health responsibility are covered. The course closes on planning a citywide service and on the parts of the chain that fail first.